Interpersonal, Group and Collective Behavior Dynamics Essay Example for Free

Relational, Group and Collective Behavior Dynamics Essay Enron is an organization that is confronted with money related insecurity however keeps on running on questionable dealings including distorting their actual budgetary position (Cohan, 2002). This is done to spare the open picture of the organization henceforth maintaining a strategic distance from the danger of losing financial specialists. American International Group (AIG) is additionally in a genuine money related emergency following instances of fumble (FRB, 2009). We will make a correlation of the gathering elements and inner legislative issues inside these two organizations. The organizations displayed a component of data blockage. This is keeping down unfriendly news from the general population until the last conceivable second. This is generally a conscious demonstration with the point of keeping up a decent open picture. It is anyway trailed by claims, detest sends or even passing dangers from troubled financial specialists. In Enron’s case, the senior administrators retained any data about budgetary emergency from people in general until it crumbled (Cohan, 2002). AIG kept up a ‘business as usual’ picture in general society notwithstanding its liquidity issues (FRB, 2009). Inspiration to lie or purposely disguising reality in an association was clear in the two organizations. The corporate officials don't reveal reality particularly when this fact may place the organization into liquidation or cost them their occupations. On account of Enron the untruths were educate regarding hard information, lying about bookkeeping results and a flood of income (Williamson, 1970). Faulty bookkeeping rehearses were intended to conceal gigantic misfortunes that the organization endured. AIG had a lot of intentional untruths when it esteemed its An and sub prime property at 1. 7; double the worth utilized by Lehman. The issue of the board’s oversight work and the business judgment rule is likewise genuinely clear in the two organizations he top managerial staff go about as though they are qualified for depend on the genuineness and trustworthiness of their subordinates until something incorrectly occurs (Crag Rebecca, 1996) . The chiefs of Enron were absolutely ignorant of the seriousness of the company’s money related emergency until its breakdown. An executives were excessively uninformed of the liquidity issue to the stretch out of making arrangements for a sumptuous retreat for themselves. The subordinate chiefs have powerful enthusiasm for hiding the terrible news. This is intended to maintain a strategic distance from or defer individual humiliation and other related dangers, for example, the probability of a value drop in its offers. In Enron, singular officials who chose to conceal the questionable association dreaded disintegration of status (Cohan, 2002). They felt that they expected to secure both their self and outside picture. A similar case was clear in AIG, where the subordinate administrators saw the requirement for over costing their resources for reclaim their picture. Presumptuousness and positive thinking is shown in the two organizations by the senior officials particularly in public statements. Arrogance makes a solid picture for any organization according to people in general. Administrators who are presumptuous and idealistic are viewed as fruitful supervisors. This is on the grounds that they can convince and impact individuals even despite an emergency. The administrators in Enron and AIG were likewise in the offered of becoming well known. Senior officials guaranteed workers would ceaselessly rise even in case of budgetary shakiness in Enron. The CEO in AIG guaranteed financial specialists that they would in any case get their rewards even as the organization was being rescued (FRB, 2009). Corporate ‘culture’ can't be precluded in the administration of the two organizations. This alludes to the standards of the organization which are notable to the administration and the subordinate representatives. They supplant different business or moral laws if there should arise an occurrence of a contention. Cynism as a corporate culture cultivates the disrupting of guidelines as a way to succeed. Moral guidelines are under upheld with the center being to amplify benefits. The Enron and AIG were up to speed in this culture when they confronted a monetary emergency. They distorted their obligations and resources individually in the company’s sheet in order to reflect high benefits and draw in financial specialists (Cohan, 2002). This is done in complete negligence for bookkeeping morals. Nearsighted data inside the association is additionally pervasive in the two organizations. This may be because of our constrained subjective abilities however more so in light of the fact that the administrators are too occupied to even consider dealing with plentiful information. They incline toward filtering this information and separating just what is pertinent. They may likewise be inadequate with regards to the aptitude to break down and comprehend the information just like the instance of Enron’s previous executive Mr. Kenneth Lay. The executives in AIG and Enron, concentrated on data that affirmed their earlier mentalities of driving establishments in the market. They ignored any disconfirming data of conceivable breakdown or liquidity issues. This is typically alluded to as subjective disharmony. It is normally hard to change these convictions as one is viewed as a danger to the company’s the state of affairs. Ms. Watkins, a worker in Enron turned out to be such a danger by notice a ranking director of a potential breakdown (Cohan, 2002). A CEO officer’s proposition in AIG was overlooked on a similar premise (FRB, 2009). Terrorizing of subordinate representatives by the senior workers is predominant in Enron however not in AIG. In Enron, examinations against Mr. Andrew a previous CFO and other senior officials who were engaged with extortion cases didn't occur since nobody was certain enough to go up against them (Cohan, 2002). In AIG the bookkeeping embarrassment is altogether examined and nobody is saved including a previous executive of the board. REFERENCES: Federal Reserve Bank. (2009). History and improvement of AIG. Recovered May 26,2009, from http://www. federalbank. orf/history/improvement. pdf Herbert, A. S. (1955). A conduct model of judicious decision. John, A. C. (2002). †I didn’t know† and â€Å"I was just doing my job†. Has corporate administration lurched wild? A contextual analysis of Enron’s data nearsightedness. Diary of Business Ethics, 40 (3),275-299. Paul Z. Janet A. (1997). The social impact of trust in collective choice creation.

SARS Outbreak in Toronto Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

SARS Outbreak in Toronto - Research Paper Example Be that as it may, he didn't know how to impart the emergency to the network on the loose. Besides, a timetable of occasions happened that prompted deception to the open hence demonstrating a troublesome assignment to discover approaches to control the pestilence. A considerable lot of those slip-ups were preventable, for example the World Health Organization delivered various reports repudiating to the past ones. In their reports the sickness which had been expressed as having a brooding time of two days was later said to have a ten days hatching period. For something else, the illness was one after another idea as been bacterial, other than it being viral so this made it harder to fix the sickness. Furthermore, the method of transmission was supposed to be through prompt contact with a tainted individual however later on the infection was discovered that it may live on surfaces for quite a long time. Correspondence mistakes additionally made it hard to deal with the circumstance; at whatever point a report was discharged by the WHO it was not set apart as significant however was put in different classifications as ordinary vents. In addition, there was a separation among associations. The doctors could have organized the desperation of the reports to make it simpler for ailment anticipation. Notwithstanding the data hole, the structure of social insurance frameworks and general wellbeing in Ontario and Toronto was another main driver of this endemic. Most emergency clinics in Toronto worked without any nearby wellbeing authority driving them. Additionally, there were no pandemic control communities that could be appointed expert in instances of an episode. Finally, spokespersons passed on conflicting information’s and this followed disarray. Along these lines, the center issue that prompted SARS turning crazy is deception by the WHO. In the event that the reports could pass on certified data, at that point regardless of whether there was poor correspondence between organizations, those measures could have been set up and would have assisted with checking the endemic (Berry,

5 Ways to Destress During Midterms or Finals Season

5 Ways to Destress During Midterms or Finals Season (6) Ugh, it’s almost here again. The most dreaded time of the year: exam season! It’s really easy to end up running on three hours of sleep, an energy drink in one hand, and a bag of chips in the other. While finals may make you want to pull our hair out, there are ways to handle the stress that will make your life so much easier. Check out the tips below to make your finals period go a little more smoothly. 1. Exercise Scientists universally agree that exercise is a great way to calm down, as it lowers the body’s stress hormones. While your time during finals season may seem crunched enough anyway, taking a half hour to go to a yoga class or to take a quick jog around campus will actually make you more productive. Most universities have exercise classes that are free of charge to students, so take advantage of it and try to pencil one in. You will help out your mind, body, and studying! 2. Don’t Forget to Eat Even when its the middle of finals week and all you can think about is studying, you still have to eat. Meals are one of the prime times to be social during college, and scheduling meals with your friends can be a great way to build in a fun study break. Laughing over pancakes with three of your best friends or grabbing dinner with your roommate is the perfect way to ensure that you take breaks, get social support, and receive nourishment all in one go! 3. Make a Study Plan Studying for finals without a plan is like going on a road trip without using a map. At the start of finals, make a note of the date and time of each exam using your planner or an online calendar. Then, fill in some of your remaining time with study sessions. Think about which classes will take the most preparation, then set goals for each class each day of finals.  Here is an example of what your day’s study goals might look like: Monday Study Goals   Chemistry: Read textbook chapters 1-3 English: Finish the MLA bibliography for my research paper Math: Do practice problems from lessons 2-6 Physics: Study lecture notes from lectures 1-4 Leaving a day or two before the exam to do practice problems or to brush up on hard concepts is always a good idea, and it will prevent you from scrambling. This will keep you super organized, and having a plan will make you feel much less stressed. 4. Declutter When you’re knee-deep in work and are trying your best to get everything finished, taking a break to clean doesn’t always sound like the most fun or worthwhile alternative to studying. However, taking the time to clean up your room will make you feel so much more on top of things. Going to bed with books and clothes strewn all over the floor can just add to the weight of all that you have to do. So, take a few minutes and hang up your clothes, straighten up your desk, and take out the trash. You will thank yourself later when you can focus on your work and not the crumpled-up laundry pile right next to you. 5. Get Enough Rest Everyone seems to think that cramming for tests has to be a big part of the college experience. Staying up until 3 a.m., waking up at 6 a.m., and chugging coffee all day is not super sustainable when you have final exams almost everyday. Studies show that sleeping well will help you maximize your test scores, so staying up late might not be helpful after all. If you really cannot get the seven recommended hours of sleep a night, treat yourself to a nap during the day. Getting rest will help your performance and make you feel less stressed. You will be more focused and better able to knock out your studying tasks. There is no doubt that finals period is the most stressful part of the semester. It may sound weird, but part of effective studying during finals involves self-care, socializing, and setting your priorities. As a whole, it all prepares you for the exams more than just studying alone. Taking the time to destress can help boost your scores and make this time just a little more enjoyable. Starting on a paper? Try EasyBib Plus for access to citing tools for MLA, APA, Chicago, and additional citation styles. You can also sharpen your writing skills by reading our free grammar guides on what is a verb, adjectives, pronoun basics, and more! Turning in your paper soon? Give yourself more peace of mind with a quick spell check from EasyBib Plus.

Lily’s Artifice and Mr. Ramseys Work in To the...

A Comparison of Lily’s Artifice and Mr. Ramseys Work in To the Lighthouse In Virginia Woolf’s To the Lighthouse, Mr. Ramsey’s lone philosophical work is contrasted against Lily’s encompassing paintings. Both Lily’s and Mr. Ramsey’s professions require sacrifices; Lily gives up the ideal marital life whereas Mr. Ramsey has his wife forfeit her happiness to restore his. Through his work, Mr. Ramsey is able to build himself up and look as though he is a strong male figure. Lily also finds strength within her artistry, rejecting the traditional â€Å"mother-woman† image and taking on an identity that is unique in her society. Mr. Ramsey’s and Lily’s process of thinking are particular to their work; a philosopher must†¦show more content†¦A female artist gives up society’s forced vision of marriage in order to achieve ultimate individuality and freedom within her art. Lily is only able to part herself from this tradition by â€Å"gathering a desperate courage† (50) which wou ld eventually â€Å"urge her own exemption from the universal law†(50). This â€Å"universal law† was the belief that women could only be whole and complete by having a male counterpart. Lily’s rejection of marital life is a tragedy in Mrs. Ramsey’s eyes; Mrs. Ramsey represents a consensus of society’s beliefs and feels that â€Å"an unmarried woman has missed the best of life† (49). Mrs. Ramsey sees her as â€Å"cold and aloof and rather self-sufficing† (104), all of which are characteristics that women should not possess. Women are expected to be self-sacrificing and in a constant cheery mood so that they will uplift and provide contentment for their husbands. Her civilization looks down upon her for being an â€Å"independent little creature† (17) who â€Å"would never marry† (17). Lily is reduced to being â€Å"little† throughout the novel not because she was literally small, but because society saw h er as insignificant and unproductive as a female artist. Only men were supposed to be the ones who could possibly handle a singular life. Mr. Ramsey defeats this image because he is weak and needs someone to be a martyr to his philosophical work. He needs others to validate his work. Once he has

The X Files Is An American Science Fiction Horror Drama...

There were many shows that could claim that they were the top show in the nineties. One of those shows was Friends, it followed the story of six people three men and three women that lived in the same apartment complex. The X-Files is an American science fiction horror drama television series created by Chris Carter. The series revolves around FBI special agents Fox Mulder and Dana Scully who investigated X-Files. The Simpsons is an animated show created by Matt Groening. The series is a satirical depiction of a working class lifestyle. The show is set in the fictional town of Springfield. Seinfeld was a show that originally ran for nine seasons on NBC, from 1989 to 1998. It was created by Larry David and Jerry Seinfeld, the latter starring as a fictionalized version of himself. Full House was a show created by Jeff Franklin for ABC. The show chronicles a widowed father, Danny Tanner, who enlists his best friend and brother-in-law to help raise his three daughters. The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air is a show that aired on NBC. The show stars Will Smith as a fictionalized version of himself, who is sent to move in with his wealthy aunt and uncle in their Bel Air mansion. Boy Meets World is a show that shows the coming of age and everyday life-lessons of Cory. Saved by the Bell is an American television sitcom that aired on NBC from 1989 to 1993. The show followed a group of friends and their principal. Primarily focusing on lighthearted comedic situations. Saturday Night Live is aShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesunderstanding the diverse nature of organization theory Mapping some aspects of organization theory’s diversity Positivist protagonists: the truth is out there, and we can objectively know it Philosophical disputes around the role of the subjective in science Epistemological and ontolological disputes: how can we ever know the ‘truth’ and is there an ‘out there’? A few words o f warning about the term postmodernism Overview of the structure and rationale of the book Chapter summaries Chapter 2: ModernistRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesE SSAYS ON TWENTIETH-C ENTURY H ISTORY In the series Critical Perspectives on the Past, edited by Susan Porter Benson, Stephen Brier, and Roy Rosenzweig Also in this series: Paula Hamilton and Linda Shopes, eds., Oral History and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture

On the Job Training Free Essays

Public Area It is composed of the Hotel lobby Area, Front Desk Reception Area, Restaurants including comfort rooms and Function Rooms, elevators, offices, hallways, and the like. Before we start cleaning the area, I pray for a while and give thanks to the Lord for the safety and travel every day. Then, I go to the 2nd floor to replenish the chemicals and materials needed. We will write a custom essay sample on On the Job Training or any similar topic only for you Order Now After that, we started to clean all the comfort rooms in Milieus Restaurant, employee’s comfort rooms, the lobby restrooms and beside the pool’s shower room. It took from 7 am to 9 am almost 2 hours of cleaning. Good for me that I’m not alone doing all of that. Sometimes I’m with Kayak Tony (our co- rained) from TESTED or Irvin and Koruna, my classmates. Next, sweep the hallways from third floor to first floor including the three exits, lobby and employees’ rooms. Dust all the furniture, windows, glass and each door of the rooms. It was physically hard and sweaty. But it was fun doing that work because all the room attendants were funny and making us smile though we look so haggard. After that, we need to fold the linen and towels and place it inside the cabinet before the next task. Afterwards, we’re required to ask permission to our supervisor if we can now go with our respective room attendant trainer. Room Attendant Room Attendants receive a briefing on the days activities headed by the supervisor. They collect equipped cart and work report to work in their respective sections. They follow a logical order to avoid guests from being disturbed. Check out rooms are serviced first, followed by make-up rooms or with request for early service and request for late service. Most of the work flow, regular cleaning is done if the guest has checked out so that the room can be occupied again. My trainer Kayak Eave taught me their standards in cleaning the room. Firstly, check room assignment sheet confirm room number, room status, note special requests). Secondly, knock door three times with knuckles not with keys. Wait for a moment and knock again if there’s no answer. If DON sign, return later to check or night lock is on report it to the Front Office or call the supervisor if there’s a problem. I announce myself as housekeeping as I enter. Turn on lights, check for luggage, remove dirty items or loaned items, dispose garbage carefully, disinfect garbage cans and put trash bag, make beds (queen-size), clean the bathroom, dust and check of room features like radio clock, Indo seat, refrigerator, coffee/tea making facilities, and so on. Disinfect telephones and ice bucket. Look for items left by guests, check for furniture damage; if furniture is missing report it immediately and note to your assignment sheet. Then check if everything is okay or in their proper places. Majority of the guests at the hotel were Japanese business travelers like companies so in the morning they’re not inside of their rooms. So it’s easier for me to clean up the room. In make-up room, we changed the linen every other day. Laundry Service Vive been in laundry for about one week and three days. My trainer was Mrs.. Liege, she’s working with the hotel almost 8 years. She taught me how to work slowly but surely. She don’t need to finish her work so fast because she told me that it’s very delicate if you got wrong with the guest’s clothes. Therefore, one by one, we put mark by sewing different color thread in each clothes by room number. Weigh and fill-up the laundry list sheet (description, brand name, color, room number and quantity). Compute the amount and fix your signature. As usual, separate white from colored loathes and so on. After drying, press/iron the clothes like long sleeves, pants, uniforms and hang it using hangers then put it in a huge plastic bag. Fold the other clothes and separate it according to their color type and room number. After lunch, we deliver the clothes inside the rooms or if DON sign, drop to the Front office. During my stay in Housekeeping Department, I maintained good personal and professional working relationship. I was able to be more considerate, cheerful, flexible, pleasant, polite, positive, punctual, willing to learn, a good listener, rusticity, stay calm during periods of increased activities, initiative, and I avoid gossip, maintain company’s standards and I work well even without supervision. We also had stay and learn in the hotel last July 9 10, 2014. We were given 50 hours lesser to our duty hours. Mr.. Marvin, the Sales Supervisor discussed the rules and regulations of the hotel, functions, and other concerns that we need to know about the establishment. Front Office Department My last remaining weeks of my training was in Front Office. My duty time was from 1 0†² clock in the afternoon to 9 0†² clock in the evening. Indeed, it was very tiring every duty. We’re not allowed to sit for a long time. But, I had so much memories and knowledge that I’d acquired. Specifically, how to answer telephone calls politely and to listen attentively, how to attend other requests by guests, and to check-in and check-out procedures were taught. It was a good experience for me being a Front Office Agent for a while. So far by God’s mercy and grace, I didn’t encountered any problems during my training whether inside or outside of the hotel and throughout my travel every day. How to cite On the Job Training, Papers

Woodrow Wilson Vs The Senate Essay Example For Students

Woodrow Wilson Vs The Senate Essay â€Å"The Only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing†Edmund BurkeThey say time is a great teacher. How true. History has taught us that peace must be kept at all costs. At the end of World War 1, the common goal between the victorious nations throughout the world was to declare peace. The leading statesmen of these triumphant nations met in Paris to draw up the Treaty of Versailles, which would decide the fate of the central powers. Woodrow Wilson, the American President, created fourteen points as the basis for peace negotiations. Among these fourteen points was the most controversial and yet the most important to President Wilson, the League of Nations. President Wilson developed its charter and soon died from exhaustion after his own country, the United States, refused to ratify it in the senate. American policy had temporarily shifted from isolationism to internationalism because of the war, however the United States senate was not ready for the responsibilities of a world peacekeeper. Due to a republican majority, senators Henry Cabot Lodge, Alfred Beveridge, and other isolationist senators helped to sway the rest of congress to deny the ratification of the Treaty of Versailles. These senators believed that by entangling themselves in an international organization they would create new alliances, which would commit them to go to war. Also, Lodge felt that the League of Nations would be able to control the United States military by limiting the number of armaments that a nation could have. Due to Article 10 and the limitations on armaments, which the senators objected, and the inability to compromise on the deadlock between the President’s beliefs and the Senators, led to the failure to ratify the Treaty of Versailles. These factors lead the senate to their decision, which left the world vulnerable for another war and the eventual demise of the League of Nations. We will write a custom essay on Woodrow Wilson Vs The Senate specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The Fourteen Points were one of Wilson’s major accomplishments while he held office. Wilson introduced this theory on what he believed were successful measures in not only preventing Germany from beginning a war again, but to prevent all wars. After all World War One was the war to end all wars. These Fourteen Points included proposals such as freedom of the seas, general disarmament, the removal of international trade barriers, impartial settlement of colonial claims, the restoration of Belgium, the evacuation of Russian territory, and the League of Nations. Wilson made many mistakes that the senate would use against him. When Wilson left for Europe on board the â€Å"George Washington† , he brought with him a peace commission. This peace commission consisted of Colonel House, Robert Lansing, General Tasker H. Bliss, and only one Republican, Henry D. White. The Republicans resented Wilson for only bringing one member of their party to represent them. However, Wilson ha d a â€Å"distrust of coalitions in politics.† The Republicans also felt that White â€Å"was not the representative which the Republican Party would themselves had chosen.† Wilson felt that by limiting his opposition in Europe he would have a better chance of attaining peace. However, this choice was the beginning of the opposition Wilson faced from his own country during the peace talks. Wilson believed he had the support of his own people when he left for Europe. Ironically, Wilson also believed that, â€Å"The men, whom we are about to deal with, do not represent their own people.† Yet, it was Lloyd George, the Prime Minister of England, who had just finished an election that would send him to Paris with a very popular mandate. Georges Clemenceau, the leader of France, had also just finished an election in which he won a vote of confidence four to one. However, in November, in the midterm elections, it was shown to the world that America did not support thei r leader. The election in 1918 resulted in a clear Republican majority for the Senate and the House. This led President Wilson to â€Å"issue a public appeal for the election of a Democratic majority in both houses of Congress in order that he might be wholly unhampered in the approaching negotiations.† This was unsuccessful and showed to spectators that there was a difference of opinion between these two parties. The President felt even more opposition from his country when former President Theodore Roosevelt spoke openly of his lack of support when he stated, â€Å"our allies and our enemies, and Mr. Wilson himself, should all understand that Mr. Wilson has no authority whatever to speak for the American people at this time.† With the events that took place, Wilson faced a very painful question on his passage back to the United States. Without a Democratic senate would the Treaty of Versailles be ratified? President Wilson brought the Treaty of Versailles back to the Senate on July 10, 1920, but he found opposition from the Senate. The Senators that opposed the treaty were Henry Cabot Lodge, Alfred Beveridge, and other isolationists. It was these Senators that helped to sway the rest of the congress to deny the ratification of the Treaty of Versailles. The treaty was too extreme for most isolationists to accept. The American Senate with a Republican majority gave Henry Cabot Lodge both floor leader and the chairman of the committee of foreign relations. This gave Lodge an enormous amount of power because in treaties, â€Å" the President would negotiate but the Senate must approve.† The senate accused Wilson of compromising too much with Clemenceau and George. They believed that this treaty infringed on American sovereignty and would later commit them to a war that did not involve the United States. It is in the constitution that only the congress of the United States could declare war, not an international organization. President Wilson ’s advisors warned him that a treaty involving the United States in an international police force would not be passed in the senate. However, Wilson believed that the senate would be forced to pass this treaty because, â€Å"He did not believe that the senate would dare incur the odium of committing so dastardly a crime against humanity.† The key article that threatened American sovereignty was Article 10, which read, â€Å"The Members of the League undertake to respect and preserve as against external aggression of the territorial integrity and existing political independence of all Members of the League. In case of any such aggression or in case of any threat or danger of such aggression the council shall advise upon the means by which this obligation shall be fulfilled.† President Wilson explained to the senators that this was a moral obligation but not necessarily a legal obligation. A nation would have the right to exercise it’s own judgment in each case; they would not be forced into war. Another reservation Lodge was concerned with was limiting the number of armaments that a nation could possess. Lodge wanted the United States to be able to increase their armament without the League knowing about it. They felt that by committing to this reservation, the League of Nations might gain control of the United States military. Another proposal by Lodge was to give the United States the right to ignore the League of Nations against sanctioning such nations as Germany and continue to trade with them. Even if this was against what the League believed was right. These reservations by Lodge would only benefit one nation and not mankind, which was what President Wilson, was striving towards and would not compromise on. Many senators favored this treaty, but approval of a treaty requires two- thirds of the Senate. However, the Senate was split into three different belief groups. These groups were â€Å"Democrats who supported the League C ovenant without changes; Republican â€Å"irreconcilables,†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦who opposed the League absolutely; and Republican â€Å"Reservationists† led by Lodge, who demanded changes in the Leagues covenant as a condition of their support.† With this clause, establishing the League of Nations would be more difficult than Wilson believed. Henry Cabot Lodge used many different tactics to draw support away from President Wilson. He delayed the Senates vote in order to diminish support for the Treaty of Versailles. He insisted that the entire treaty, which consisted of 264 pages, be read aloud before the Senate. Continuing to change the reservations that he disagreed with, Senator Lodge proposed fourteen formal reservations to the Treaty of Versailles. Senator Lodge was willing to sign the Treaty of Versailles if these certain changes to the treaty were agreed upon. On March 3rd 1919, Senator Lodge collected thirty-nine signatures from members of the Senate demanding that the re be changes made to this treaty. These additions to the treaty would place safeguards that would protect America’s right to protect the Monroe doctrine. This reservation made sure that domestic issues did not lead to the interpretation of the Monroe doctrine by an international organization. Now, the only way the Senate would approve the pact was if the entire document would be accepted, including Senator Lodge’s proposals. President Wilson refused to compromise with Senator Lodge and tried to save the treaty through State legislatures. He toured the country from coast to coast seeking support from the public. President Wilson gave thirty-seven speeches in only twenty-two days. However, in between speeches the President received a stroke from the stress he had endured, which put him close to death. Even after physical and nervous exhaustion, which caused him to stay in bed for several weeks, Wilson could not let the changes be made to the treaty. Though he was too we ak to take action of his own, he was still strong enough to interfere. Wilson would not compromise on any of the issues brought forth by Lodge. â€Å" Let Lodge compromise† was the order given to his democrats going into the vote. He told his democratic party to vote against the treaty that included Lodge’s reservations. The final vote took place on March 19, 1920. The simple majority failed to gain the necessary two-thirds majority to ratify the treaty. If Wilson had stepped back before the vote took place and was willing to compromise on the reservations, then more people would have supported it. But Wilson and his political rival were stubborn and stayed in a deadlock. Therefore, the treaty failed to be ratified. Wilson died on February 3, 1924 and along with him died the United States involvement in the League of Nations and the ratification of the Treaty of Versailles. Out of the Fourteen Points came Wilson’s most important achievement at Versailles, the cr eation of an international peacekeeping organization, the League of Nations. Woodrow Wilson did all that he could to gain the support of his people for the acceptance of the League of Nations in the Treaty of Versailles. He believed that the idea of collective security was the key to keeping world peace. Yet, Wilson was ahead of his time. America was not ready to switch from an isolationist state to an international peacekeeper. The American senate wanted to make changes to the treaty in order to secure their international stand on domestic issues. But Wilson was unwilling to compromise on securing peace for mankind, so Wilson gained nothing. The ratification of the Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations would fail, however the idea still burned on, and the United Nations would be formed after the Second World War. American History

Denied SSD Applicants Face Economic Challenges

Denied SSD Applicants Face Economic Challenges Few Alternatives in the Face of SSDI Denials A new study examined economic outcomes of Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) applicants denied benefits by the Social Security Administration (SSA). Findings indicate such applicants suffer economic harm and fare poorly in the job market. A detailed article on the findings appears here.Older SSDI applicants denied benefits due to stringent SSA standards go on to struggle with greatly decreased earnings in the job market. Though disability causes applicants economic harm, most are denied benefits at first. Without an appeal, these applicants face dim prospects going forward.About SSDIThe SSA provides SSDI to those who have worked, paid into the system, and suffered a disability that leaves them unable to work. SSDI benefits carry over until the recipient reaches retirement.About the StudyResearchers Jody Schimmel Hyde and April Wu of Mathematica tracked a group of applicants who were initially denied SSDI benefits through SSA. Among the sample group studied:All applicants wer e at least 50-years-oldThe average age of the group was 59 yearsEach had worked enough hours to qualifyMost worked five years before applyingFew worked for five years after denialOver 50% of the sample group eventually received benefits before reaching their full retirement age, including successful appeals, new applications, or reduced benefits at early retirement.About the FindingsThe study shows poor economic outcomes for those denied benefits. For those who came close to qualifying, too disabled to return to their jobs, yet capable of other work, employment numbers fell off sharply. This confirms a 1989 Government Accountability Office (GAO) study in which few people denied SSDI benefits ever worked again, and those who returned to work saw declining wages and high poverty. A summary of studies from 2011 and 2015 supports these findings.We Can HelpIf you are disabled and unable to work, call Disability Attorneys of Michigan for a free confidential consultation. We’ll let you know if we can help you get a monthly check and help you determine if any money or assets you receive could impact your eligibility for disability benefits.Disability Attorneys of Michigan works hard every day helping the disabled of Michigan seek the Social Security Disability and Veterans Disability benefits they need. If you are unable to work due to a physical, mental, or cognitive impairment, call Disability Attorneys of Michigan now for a free consultation at 800-949- 2900.Let Michigan’s experienced disability law firm help you get the benefits you deserve.Disability Attorneys of Michigan, Compassionate Excellence. Michigan Social Security Disability Lawyer, Michigan Social Security Disability Lawyers, Social Security Disability Benefits

The History of Jell-O

The History of Jell-O Jell-O: It’s now as American as apple pie. Once a twice-failed processed food made from a mash-up of animal parts, it managed to become a hit dessert and the go-to food for generations of sick children.   Who Invented Jell-O? in 1845, New York industrialist Peter Cooper patented a method for the manufacture of gelatin, a tasteless, odorless gelling agent made of out animal by-products. Cooper’s product failed to catch on, but in 1897, Pearle Wait, a carpenter turned cough syrup manufacturer in LeRoy, a town in upstate New York was experimenting with gelatin and concocted a fruit-flavored dessert. His wife, May David Wait, dubbed it Jell-O.   Woodward Buys Jell-O Wait lacked the funding to market and distribute his new product. In 1899 he sold it to Frank Woodward, a school dropout who by the age of 20 had his own business, Genesee Pure Food Company. Woodward bought the rights to Jell-O for $450 from Wait. Once again, sales lagged. Woodward, who sold a number of patent medicines, Raccoon Corn Plasters, and a roasted coffee substitute called Grain-O, grew impatient with the dessert. Sales were still slow, so Woodward offered to sell the rights to Jell-O ® to his plant superintendent for $35. However, before the final sale, Woodward’s intensive advertising efforts, which called for distribution of recipes and samples and paid off. By 1906, sales reached $1 million.   Making Jell-O a National Staple The company doubled down on marketing. They sent out nattily dressed salesmen to demonstrate Jell-O. The also distributed 15 million copies of a Jell-O recipe book containing celebrity favorites and illustrations by beloved American artists, including Maxfield Parrish and Norman Rockwell. The dessert’s popularity rose. Woodward’s Genesee Pure Food Company was renamed Jell-O Company in 1923. Two years later it later merged with Postum Cereal, and eventually, that company became the behemoth known as the General Foods Corporation, which is now called Kraft/General Foods. The gelatinous aspect of the food made it a popular choice among mothers when their children were suffering from diarrhea. In fact, doctors still recommend serving Jell-O water- that is, unhardened Jello-O- to children suffering from loose stools.

Protien refording Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Protien refording - Essay Example During initial production and isolation of proteins, many factors such as overproduction, solvent interactions, mechanical interference, or others may result in the denaturation of proteins. Understanding protein folding involves understanding both the energy landscape of the protein system, and refolding techniques have been significantly improve as time-resolved techniques, including neutron scattering, have been developed and perfected by researchers around the globe. The techniques involve observation of protein dynamics in order to assess the critical point of refolding, information which can lead to the development of refolding solutions (Bu et al. 2001). Neutron scattering and similar inventive techniques, such as stopped-flow florescence. In order to scale up for commercial use, protein refolding techniques must be scale invariant, compatible for a large range of proteins, simple to automated, and overall economical. Methods that rely on denaturant dilution and column-based methodology generally will meet these criteria (Middelberg 2002). The technology of refolding has grown exponentially in the past decade, and new methods must be carefully designed to facilitate the automated and rapid determination of the conditions that must be met for refolding in order to be commercially viable. It, however, remains to be seen if researchers can translate new technologies—and possibly even the discovery of a new protein state—into technology that will improve efficiency in bimolecular research industries. Before use, proteins are generally solubilised before use in high concentrations of quanidinium chloride (GdmCl) and urea (De Bernardez 1998 and Schwarz et al. 1998). Either of these two solvents may cause certain proteins to denature, and refolding involves diluting to a low concentration zone.

Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility Essay

Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility - Essay Example Business ethics posses wide explanatory dimensions. As a business practice and as a matter of professional interest, the area is mainly normative. Academics try to comprehend the ethical business behavior by the application of descriptive means. The variety and magnitude of business ethical issues replicate the communication of profit-maximizing behavior with non-economic apprehension. The importance of business ethics speeded up considerably throughout the 1980s and 1990s, together within main corporations as well as in business. As an illustration, nowadays, most of the major corporations encourage their dedication to non-economic standards under the caption of as ethics codes and social accountability agreement. Administration makes use of law and conventions, to indicate the ethical business behavior in what they make out to be useful directions. Ethics absolutely legalize areas and information of behavior that stretch out further than that of governmental power. Describe how the two companies – Anglo-American and Primark apply ethics in practice? Anglo American provides a lot to the deliberate principles on safety and human rights. The policy sets out beliefs and practices to ensure business necessities the safety of its workers, and also business operation in unstable countries. Therefore the principles direct on how the private and public security services in mining operations should be investigated, qualified in human rights, supervised and controlled. Anglo American plans to ensure that it contribute well in caring the human rights of its staff and confined people in nations, in which it functions. The business always agrees with the values put forward by the ‘Universal Declaration of Human Rights’. The Anglo American strongly declares that the company can extend a helping hand to governments in eradicating famine, economic discrimination and in improving of heath and medical aids. In South Africa, the Anglo American was the chief c ampaigner for AIDS awarness.It was the first major business organization in South Africa to declare that it could offer retroviral drugs to its HIV victim staff, free of charge. The Primark established its code of conduct on the International Labour Organization's Code (ILO). This inimitable agreement facilitates the ILO to include 'real world' information regarding employment. The ILO code explains certain standards for international labor. It provides immense opportunities for people in vocations of liberty, impartiality, security and self-respect. The code of conduct of Primark is translated to 26 languages, all printed on its web, to guarantee understandable message on standards. The following principles from the code of conduct statement of the company. â€Å"The code states, 1. Employment is freely chosen. 2. Freedom of association and the right to collective bargaining are essential. 3. Working conditions are safe and hygienic. 4. Commitment with suppliers. 5. Child labour s hall not be used. 6. Living wages are paid. 7. Working hours are not excessive. 8. No discrimination is practiced. 9. Regular employment is provided. 10. No harsh or inhumane treatment is allowed. 11. Legal requirements - Primark is committed to compliance of all countries laws† (Providing Consumers with Ethically Sourced Garments 1995 Pg 3) Primark functions strongly with market suppliers, and factories which manufacture goods. It offers guidance for suppliers, factory and its buyers, so that they

Artificial Fish: AUVs Designed to Model Animals :: Autonomous Undersea Vehicles Fish Essays

Artificial Fish: AUVs Designed to Model Animals Humans venture beneath the ocean's surface to collect resources, conduct research, engage in warfare, and perform countless other tasks. The need for increasingly specialized technology to accomplish these tasks has prompted the development of many different designs of submersibles, varying from manned nuclear submarines to Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs) dragged behind surface ships, to untethered Autonomous Undersea Vehicles (AUVs) (Blidberg 1). This last design, the AUV, has received special attention in recent years as humans explore greater and greater depths. As its name suggests, the AUV functions independently, without intervention from a human operator. It carries its own power source (traditionally a battery), and receives all its commands from an onboard computer, thus involving some degree of artificial intelligence. This computer serves to direct the robotic submersible in performing a pre-defined task. Because its movement is not restricted by a cable connec ting it to a mother ship, the AUV is ideal for operating in hazardous areas and at great depths. Current and proposed activities for AUVs include undersea exploration, scientific sampling of physical oceanic conditions (such as salinity level and temperature), laying and inspection of gas lines and cables, searching for downed aircraft, and mine reconnaissance (Canfield, Hylands). A key aspect of common AUV design, however, prevents this list of activities from expanding and limit the current potential of AUV performance. Due to the inefficiency of propulsion and power systems, AUVs are highly unstable in any turbulent water, are limited to short missions, can carry only small payloads, and have little maneuvering control at low speeds (MIT, Canfield). In the most unfavorable of conditions, AUVs may not even be able to reach their intended destinations while traveling at slow speeds, despite the use of slow speed guidance systems (Healey 335). Small rotary propellers plagued with low efficiency and lagged response times typically power AUVs (MIT). Furthermore, batteries often require 70% of the hull space (MIT). Closely tied to efficiency of propulsion systems is the hydrodynamic shape of the submersible's hull. While hull designs have improved over time, they do not compare to the hydrodynamic efficiency of fish and aquatic mammal shapes. As Jeff Walker, a biology professor at the University of Southern Maine, stated, "It's a lofty goal for a human-made vehicle to achieve the performance of a fish" (qtd.

Analyzing Retail Concept Store: Excelsior

Analyzing Retail Concept Store: EXCELSIOR By: Cheryl Angeline Sumeleh Kosova Olga Leinuo Zhang Wan Le Master Fashion Buying 12/13 1 Content Concept†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦.. 3 Market Segmentation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 Customer Target†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 Marketing Mix†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 6 Competitors†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 22 SWOT- Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 23 Merchandising Mix†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 25 Display†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 34 Conclusion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 35 Questionnaire†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 36 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦37 2 Concept Excelsior Milan is an innovative space that mixes and combines fashion, technology food and design.The shopping experience it offers aims to be cross-genre, choosing less well known brands and always putting the focus on excellence. The ambition is for it to become a place to socialize, somewhere to meet people, to buy things that satisfy you, to choose a sophisticated take-away to take back to your office or home that evening – somewhere to do high-profile shopping. Excelsior is a place full of energy, a floating series of inspirations and ideas. The influential boutique ANTONIA floors are surely a fashion lover’s playground, dedicating fashion womenswear, menswear and accessories to their customers. The most important thing at the moment is to have a real mix on the inside of all happy things, not just expensive things† said Antonia Giacinti, well – known to mix avant- garde and business. As a result, Excelsior Milano perfectly balances the concept boutique with a department store. The complex is an audacious injection of modernity in the city’s historical heart. The inner walls of the old movie theatre are coated with reflecting paints, while the exterior supports led screens all along the outer edge.Each floor is connected to the next by an automated ramp that is kind of a cross between a people mover and an escalator. Unlike any other store in Milan, Excelsior is hi pper than La Rinascente and brasher than Corso Como 10. Gruppo Coin spent more than 40 million dollars on its development and renovation over three years. Described by the shop owners as â€Å" a journey through shopping of the future† Market Segmentation After the group did the deep research of the different types of consumer, it shows that there are three main groups of people who buy the products in Excelsior store.The largest percentage group is contained by the people who come from the high classes level, another group invovled some middle classes level consumers who are educated well and they desire to buy the creative luxury goods, and the last group takes by the people who are the ‘new money'. 3 Market Segmentation Middle level class 13% Others 3% High level classes 84% Customer Target Five types of consumers emerge at each of the life cycle stages Since Excelsior is on its growth stage, the customers are mostly the opinion leaders.Fashion opinion leaders (celeb rities, fashion editors, journalists and early adopters) are the next most likely adopters of a fashion product. They copy the inspiration from fashion innovators and change the product into a popular style. 1 Most of them are very fashion-forward and updated. 1 https://instruct1. cit. cornell. edu/courses/cuttingedge/lifeCycle/03. htm 4 (From the questionaires) Demographic Target †¢ Customers of Excelsior are mostly 20 – 45 years old women and men who have a medium economic capacity income between â‚ ¬1500 – 3000 per month. The targets can be students/managers/business men or ladies/marriage or single.Tourists or tourist groups are 20-45 old women and men from Russia, USA and Asia. With middle income â‚ ¬1500 per month. It can be students/managers/business ladies/marriage or single. Sex Age Occupation Italy resident or tourist Status Income Frequency of shopping Married: 45% >17: 7. 6% Female: 60% 18-20: 19. 7% Male: 40% 21-29: 47. 1% 30-45: 25. 6% †¢ Employed: 75% Unemployed: 25% Tourist: 65% Italy resident 35% Single: 28% In Relationship: 27% 2000 – 3000: 3. 4%; 3000 – 5000: 24. 1%; 5000 – 10000: 42. 2%; 10000 – 20000: 12. 7%; 20000 – 60000:10. 1%; ? 60000 >7. 4% Frequently: 62% Rarely: 10% Occasionally: 28%Psychographic Target The types of clients that Excelsior Milan wants to attract are people with a clear sense of style, people who is well-informed and travelling internationally. Designed to target a cross for age, sex, social background but fashion enthusiast, curiousity, cosmopolitan. 5 Marketing Mix Product Excelsior provides clothes , footwear, accessories, beauty and food hall for women and men from high and middle level incom. The clothes include evening dresses, formal and casual wear. 4000 square meters in single volume, divided into 7 floors Each floor have their own names: -1 floor (Underground floor) 6 7An exclusive food haven EATS – a real supermarket offering a wide var iety of fresh meat, fish, vegetables, ready-to-eat gastronomic specialties and wines, here you can not only find the best quality products from Italy and abroad, but also find a corner dedicated to show-cooking and a wine cellar that offers 46 different top wines through a clever machine specifically designed for tasting wines by the glass. The restaurant offers three dimensions, â€Å"Now† for the elegant take-away, â€Å"Fast † for the bistro characterized by seasonal specials, and â€Å"Slow† for the more traditional restaurant, regularly hosting renowned guest chefs like Davide Oldani. Between -1 and 0 – â€Å"M† floor There are bistro and wine shop. 9 0 floor – â€Å"G† This floor is always packed with young people, the ground floor presents accessories from keys of Tiffany to DJ headphones WESC, perfume Commes des Garson, inexpensive SWATCH watches, cuckoo iphone accessories and limited edition of sunglasses Ray Ban. 10 1 floor – ICON TEMPORARY Women’s floor offers concept brands – contemporary American designers such as Helmut Lang, Theory, Rag & Bone, Alice and Olivia, Vince, Globe Trotter, Swatch, Anta, Mario Portolano, Antipast with price range from about â‚ ¬200-400.Also here presents hats, which are made specially for the store. 11 2 floor – ANTONIA UOMO 12 The second floor displays only men’s collections, Such as Maison Martin Margiela, Dries Van Noten, Marni, Balmain, Marc Jacobs, Neil Barrett, Band of Outsiders, Golden Goose, RRL Ralph Lauren; Visvim, Haversack, Nigel Cabourn, Mackintosh, Piombo, Edwin, Gilded Age, Levi's limited Edition, Prps, Porter, Moscot, NIKE e. t c (Advanced designers: Very select pieces from Balmain and Proenza Schouler) 13 3 floor – ANTONIA 14The third floor presents famous first-line brands from all around the world such as Balmain, Valentino, Chloe, Maison Martin Margiela, Dries Van Noten, Proenza Schouler, Marni, Joseph with a higher price range than the womenswear in the first floor. 15 4 floor – ANTONIA ACCESSORIES This floor presents accessories from Christian Louboutin, Giuseppe Zanotti, Jimmy Choo, Sergio Rossi, Pierre Hardy, Repetto; borse di Givenchy, Proenza Schouler, Zagliani, Marni, Chloe, Manolo Blahnik    16 Price The collections of Excelsior store sells for the prestige class so the clients can expect to pay more for the original design, and good quality pieces.The prices range from â‚ ¬ 50 – 1500 Womenswear â‚ ¬ 90 – 3530 Menswear â‚ ¬ 120 – 3620 Accessories (both Men and Women) â‚ ¬90 – 4700 The majority of sales are fashion forward jeans, tops and shoes, as these garments have middle price and more affordable for customers. Place Fashion, beauty, accessories, food and design are mingled in this historical building, located in Galleria del Corso 4, the heart of Milan, just behind Duomo. It is a very strategic area which is one of the †˜most-visit’ area in Milan. It has been completely refurbished by French starchitect Jean Nouvel. Promotion Advertising 1. Campaign 1Advertising campaign by Giampaolo Sgura 17 This advertising campaign was made to show to customers that the concept of Excelsior is where fashion, beauty and food meet in one place. It was put in a digital signage video wall in Piazza Cinque Giornate 2. Campaign 2 Illustration for Excelsior’s Video Wall These pictures above are the graphic illustrations created for Excelsior by the author of SNIPPET, Luca Mainini. It is projected on the video wall of the department store in Galleria del Corso among the scraps of paper, photographic research and the nostalgic memory of the divas of the past.He said, â€Å"The diva embodies the maximum visual potential on the female figure. The Hollywood stardom is the seed of all my work: the fallacy of success, the technicolor of the character, the black and white of privacy. †2 2 http://www. exce lsiormilano. com/#/it/category/events/news/322/luca- ­? mainini 18 Events One-Year Celebration To celebrate Excelsior’s first year anniversary, they held an event with a title â€Å"We’re Waiting For Something† which were held in the 14th of September 2012 in Cafe Excelsior. It was a public event, o basically everybody can attend the party. This event was posted on Facebook, so everybody who ‘like’ Excelsior’s page can get the invitation on Facebook. Photos From The Event Sales Promotion 1. Discounts Discounted Products 19 To clean up all excessive stocks and to attract more powerful customer purchase, Excelsior sometimes do the sales in some special period of the year, such as in Summer or Christmas. By this way, they are able to have more spaces to display and or to keep the stock of new products while generating more sales and attracting more customers. 2.Extraordinary Gift Card The Extraordinary Gift Card by Excelsior allows customers t o give a budget of their choice to someone special and also customers can customize their gift according to their taste. The other advantages of this gift card for Excelsior is that the receivers of the card can only shop their goods in Excelsior. There are more chances which lead the receiver to spend much more money on the goods than the value of the card. Social Media †¢ Facebook Excelsior’s Facebook Front Page Excelsior’s facebook page are used to put any kind of information related to their activity.And also to keep the person who ‘like’ their page keep informed if they held any events, new arrival products, products reviews, or special offer. 20 †¢ Twitter Excelsior’s Twitter Page Excelsior’s twitter page is well managed as they update their status on twitter frequently. The content of their ‘tweet’ is mostly about their products information. For example if there are some new arrival products in their store or sim ply just to invite people to have lunch on their â€Å"Eat’s† restaurant. Foursquare †¢ Excelsior's Foursquare Page 21As it is shown to us, Excelsior did not manage it in the right way since the Foursquare page seems not really popular. Competitors Direct Competitor 1. La Rinascente The first department store la Rinascente was opened in 1865 by brothers Bocconi. The department has 7 floors, which is selling majority kinds product like clothing ,interior, daily needs and kitchen cookers. They also have a restaurant , a beauty salon and an art gallery. By 2011, the network has eleven la Rinascente department stores in Italy: two are located in Rome, one, the largest, in Milan and one at la Rinascente in other cities – Palermo, Florence, Genoa, Turin.Strengths †¢ †¢ Has a wide range A long time Italian market background †¢ Succesful Brand Awareness †¢ Located in more significant area †¢ †¢ High turnover Well–known luxury br ands †¢ 100 euro+ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Weaknesses On-line shop No parking area Lack of the new creative fashion design brand Too crowded in peak time 22 Indirect Competitor Monobrand stores around Duomo Near the Duomo Area there are so many monobrand stores, they could be Excelsior's competitors too. For example, boutiques in Via Montenapoleone. Almost all of the luxury brands are located there.And even those brands which are sold in Excelsior. So the customers can choose wether to buy the goods in Excelsior or in its own monobrand store . Strengths †¢ Successful Brand Awareness †¢ Located in the central (near Duomo area) †¢ †¢ Well-known for tourist Much more selection to choose from †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Weaknesses Going in to every each stores might be tiring Scattered shops location Not convenient for shopping all the brands at the same time Doesn't provide limited items SWOT- Analysis Strengths I. The Excelsior Milano located in the most center place in Milan, just behind the Duomo church.Thousands of visitor and located people need to cross the street by everyday. II. III. The Excelsior marketing department has been managed very well for their brand website. There are mix branding which contain all types of fashionable clothes and accessories around the world. 23 IV. The advertising in the shopping mall is the video that display in the monitor. It is very creative and vivid to display the products and trend of the Excelsior. Weaknesses I. II. The excelsior did not own the online shopping which may lead to lose some consumers by many reasons. There is no obvious advertising r big Logo around the area in results that some people cannot find the shopping center especially the tourist. Opportunities I. II. Since the range of consumers is becoming much younger, the people now are caring about the product’s personalities and designable. Milan prepares to host the next universal Exposition in 2015 (Apple, Nik e and Prada are looking to expand within the neighborhood of the Duomo) in anticipation of a tourist boom. Threats I. The Excelsior Milano seldom uses the communication tools which may lead to become less popular or may loose the brand images of the worldwide costumers.II. III. There are some Indirect and direct competitors just located beside the Excelsior Milano. In the Excelsior Milano, the trend of the fashion is much younger, colorful and street style. The local consumers may not accept this American causal style. 24 Merchandising Mix Fashion Product Life Cycle Fashion Product Life Cycle Fashion product life cycles last a shorter time than basic product life cycles. By definition, fashion is a style of the time. A large number of people adopt a style at a particular time. When many no longer adopt it, a fashion product life cycle ends. After more than one year from its opening, Excelsior now is on its early growth stage. As it is shown from the graph, on the growth stage, they sell most on fashion products and also basic products. From our perspective, this is exactly how Excelsior buys its merchandises. The exact percentage will be explained below. Pricing strategy In the retail market, there are two popular pricing strategies, one is called everyday low pricing, EDLP, another is called high/low pricing strategy. 4In the excelsior, they chose the â€Å"high/low pricing strategy†, which means retailer set the price would be higher than he others competitor’s daily low prices, but they will recurring the reduction by using the advertising promotion. In fact, this is a very effective method since the main features of the strategy grabs the consumer’s psychology. Many customers usually purchase the products, which are in lower prices only. In this way, 3 https://instruct1. cit. cornell. edu/courses/cuttingedge/lifeCycle/03. htm    4 http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Pricing_strategies 25 it will beat the other competitors because once the customer realize that the goods are in the reasonable price, they will purchase much more than they usually bought.Product Categories 2% 9% 8% 23% 10% 48% Man Woman Accessories Beauty Food Design Breadth vs Depth The product breadth means the variety of product lines offered. 5 The shop usually need to identity the breadth vs. depth. Breadth means being broad in scope. Carrying items in many different product categories. Offering several different types of service under one roof. For example, if you are a remodeling company you might do everything from adding a closet, to trimming out some cabinetry, to building the patio, up to a complete kitchen remodel.Depth means being intense in scope by immersing your business into an industry or product category. Stocking is focused product mix, a specialized service offering. 6 There usually have 3 models, which are Narrow and deep, Square, Broad and shallow. In the 3 models, there are some different types of depth. In excelsior, they chose the â€Å"broad and shallow†. The products include men’s wear, women’s wear, accessories, beauty, food and design. They aim to buy the right product for customers and not to buy so many.The group has the fortunate for interviewing the sales manager of the excelsior, and the lady told us that they choose in different style or lots of color but purchase in small amount of 5 http://retail. about. com/od/glossary/g/breadth. htm 6 http://themarketingspot. com/2009/08/breadth- ­? vs- ­? depth. html 26 sizes. Like a silk top, they may only purchase 2 pieces of each sizes (from XS to M) and 1 pieces of the Large size. Men’s Product Men’s Product Breadth T-shirt, Shirts, Jackets, Coats, Sports Wear, Jeans, Trousers, shorts and Accessories.Men's Product Breadth T- ­? shirts 2% 6% 7% 8% 12% 14% 25% 11% 15% Shirts Jackets Coats Sports Wear Jeans Trousers Shorts T-shirts: V- neck, Designing neck, Collared T- shirts, Sleeveless T- Shirts, Sweat T Shirts S hirts: Casual wear, Formal & Office wear, Evening & Club Wear Sports Wear: Nylon and Cotton Tracks Jeans: Boot cut, Skinny fit, Regular& Loose fit Trousers: Wrinkle Free, Cotton Chinos, Italian Fit Shorts: Regular in cotton and waterproof material Accessories: Ties, Belts, Scarves Shoes: Boots, Lace-up shoes, Loafers, Sandals, Sneakers 7 Men’s Product Depth and Price Range CATEGORIES T-shirts Shirts Jackets Sports Wear Jeans Trousers Shorts Sweaters Accessories PRICE RANGE 120 – 350 200 – 630 450 – 3620 130 – 380 150 – 350 245 – 545 120 – 255 245 – 515 100 – 3500 SIZES S – XXL S – XXL S – XL S – XXL S – XL S – XL S – XL S – XL Single size Sizes offered at the stores range from S to XL. But there are a few pieces having large sizes. Colors The different shades of White, Black, Blue, green, yellow, red and orange, etc.Mens Shoes Sizes 41 – 44 (Italian si ze) Designers Antonia Uomo †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ WESC BALMAIN CHURCH'S DRIES VAN NOTEN MAISON MARTIN MARGIELA MARC JACOBS MARNI CHRISTIAN LOUBOUTIN HTC INCASE 28 †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ MAISON KISTUNE RICK OWENS KENZO MISSONI GIVENCHY Women’s Product Women’s Product Breadth Women's Product Breadth 20% 16% 10% 15% 4% 35% Formal Wear Ethnic Wear Casual Wear Club Wear Sportswear Accessorries Casual wear: T-shirt, Shirts, Jackets, Sweaters, Coats, Jeans, Capris, Cargos, Shorts, Skirts and Dresses.Formal wear: Formal Shirts, Blazers, Pants and Evening wear dresses Club Wear: Stylish Tops, Skirts, Hot Shorts, Party dresses Sports Wear: Jackets, Track Pants and Shorts, Sweat T- shirt Ethnic Wear Accessories: Belts, Stoles and Bags Shoes: Boots, Flats, Lace-up shoes, Loafers, Pumps, Sandals, Sneakers, Wedges 29 Women’s Product Depth and Price Range CATEGORIES Formal Wear Casual Wear Club Wear Spor tswear Ethnic Wear Accessories PRICE RANGE 150 – 3530 100 – 2300 300 – 1500 90 – 800 110 – 1500 70 – 4700 SIZES XS – L XS – L XS – L XS – L XS – L Single sizeColors Various shades of Red, Green, Orange, Purple, Black, White, Blue, Yellow and Pink Shoes Sizes 36 – 40 (Italian Size) Antonia brands †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ BALMAIN CHLOE ETOILE ISABEL MARANT JOSEPH GIVENCHY VANESSA BRUNO VALENTINO REPETTO PROENZA SCHOULER MAISON MARTIN MARGIELA ISABEL MARANT THEYSKENS' THEORY M MISSONI CAMILLA & MARC 30 †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ JAMES PERSE DRIES VAN NOTEN AURELIE BIDERMANN HAIDER ACKERMANN 3. 1 PHILLIP LIM THAKOON JOE'S JEANS MARNI ERDEM MAISON MICHEL BILITIS CURRENT/ELLIOT T BEX ROX HUDSON JEANS RICK OWENSExcelsior focuses o n the clients who do not want to be copied but rather want to create their own look and to plan a new way of being yourself every day. That is why store chose brands such as Martin Maison Margiela, Dries Van Noten. Their collections are a complete, intelligible. The designers are feeling very well about what girls want to dress. A pair of high but stable heels, skinny jeans and leggings, stretched T-shirts and sweaters, jackets, leather jackets, coats, who immediately snatched ladies of Milan and its isitors, and then combining them together in freestyle, rock ‘n' roll style. A little aggressive, sharp and tough image of brands will add uniquenesses to our new boutiques. Here presents collection of Balmain. The simplicity and luxury wonderfully combine the practicality, sexy and glamour. Clothing from this brand is designed for energetic, confident and self-sufficient women. The main advantage of models is that they make dresses comfortably while remaining consistently elegant and stylish. Excelsior includes high quality and fashion brands.Each collection includes cult, unmistakably recognizable elements. 3. 1 Phillip Lim brand creates sensual, confident, intelligent and beautiful collections. The uniqueness of this brand is that the designer uses a very thin, almost weightless cashmere, cotton, semi-treated soft pure silk and    31 wool. Rochas – described as a quiet, discreet nod to the retro. These commercial brands, which can bring financial    perspectives, because they are already quite wellknown among the people like good quality and fashion brands, and on them have a certain buyer. Antonia Accessories †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ CHLOE CHRISTIAN LOUBOUTIN CHURCH'S GIUSEPPE ZANOTTI JIMMY CHOO PIERRE HARDY PROENZA SCHOULER REPETTO VALENTINO GARAVANI MANOLO BLAHNIK MAISON MARTIN MARGIELA HTC RENE CAOVILLA MARC BY MARC JACOBS MARNI 3. 1 PHILLIP LIM RICK OWENS GIVENCHY M MISSONI UGG DR. MARTENS 32 Fabrics Their fabrics selection depends on the season. In this case we observe during the Fall/ Winter Season, therefore the selection are dominated by a thick and warm fabrics such as: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Wool Knitwear Nylon/ Synthetic (used for windbreaker) Fur LeatherBesides, there are also some light fabrics to provide the current trend, such as: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Velvet Silk Brocade Cotton Display After the group talked to the sales manager of excelsior, we have noticed that each season, the excelsior will hire 2 shelf merchandiser to display the products on the shelf in a way that will attract customers (one is for the men’s floor and anther is for the women’s wear and shoes and accessories). They usually display 2 pieces of clothes in the both womenswear, however in the men’s floor, they only display 1 piece of clothes.We can also see it from the pictures. 33 Excelsior Shelving At first, the group thought it may be because the womenswear have 2 floors that they have more space to display the dresses and the men’s only have one floor so they need to use every place they can since the excelsior have lots of brand and style for male. But after the sales manager of excelsior told us it’s only because of shelf merchandiser’s willing. In this way, the shelf merchandiser plays a very important role in attracting the customer to purchase the products. 34Conclusion In conclusion, Excelsior is a place full of energy, a floating series of inspirations and ideas. It not only sells the clothes of women and men, but also spread the sprit of fashion. The customer target is not only focus on single group and the product breath is very wide from food, dress to technology. Although we are in the financial crisis now, the excelsior will not be influenced since it has its distinctive strategy. 35 Questionnaire N O. xxx Date: xx/xx Sexual: o Female o Male Nationality: o Italy resident o Tourist Ages: o o o Under 17 18 ––30 30 ––45 Above 50 Status: o Married o Single o In relationship Occupation: o Employed o Unemployed Income: o o o o o o Under 2000 2000–– 3000 3000––5000 5000––10000 10000––20000 Above 20000 How many times will you shop in the Excelsior : o Frequently o Rarely o Occasionally The main reason that lead you to shop in this store: 36 References 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. NYTimes. com Vogue. it http://www. vogue. it/en/magazine/daily-news/2011/09/opening-coin-excelsiormilan http://www. excelsiormilano. com http://www. odemonline. com/fashion/mini-web-sites/multilabelstores/references/5729-excelsiormilano http://www. modemonline. com/fashion/mini-web-sites/multilabelstores/references/5729-excelsiormilano http://www. vogue. it/en/shopping/where-to-shop/2012/06/sales-at-excelsior https://instruct1. c it. cornell. edu/courses/cuttingedge/lifeCycle/03. htm http://www. vogue. it/en/shopping/where-to-shop/2012/06/sales-at-excelsior 10. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Pricing_strategies 11. http://themarketingspot. com/2009/08/breadth-vs-depth. html 37

The Military Manipulated The Media During The First Gulf War

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